JavaScript Operators Reference
Complete Operators Reference
Revised July 2025
| Type | Common Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Assignment | Assigns values to variables | x = 5 |
| Arithmetic | Performs arithmetic between variables | x = y + 2 |
| Comparison | Compares variables | x > 8 |
| Logical | Defines the logic between variables | (x>0 || x>0) |
| Bitwise | Performs bitwise operatins on 32 bits numbers | x = 5 & 1 |
| Misc | Miscellaneous operators | void(0) |
JavaScript Assignment Operators
Assignment operators assign values to JavaScript variables.
Given that x = 10 and y = 5, the table below explains the assignment operators:
| Oper | Name / Link | Example | Same As | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| = | Simple | x = y | x = y | x = 5 |
| += | Add | x += y | x = x + y | x = 15 |
| -= | Subtract | x -= y | x = x - y | x = 5 |
| *= | Multiply | x *= y | x = x * y | x = 50 |
| /= | Divide | x /= y | x = x / y | x = 2 |
| %= | Remainder | x %= y | x = x % y | x = 0 |
| : | Colon | x: 45 | x = 45 | x = 45 |
Logical Assignment Operators
| Oper | Name / Link | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| &&= | AND | true &&= 10 | x = 10 |
| ||= | OR | false ||= 10 | x = 10 |
| ??= | Nullish | null ??= 10 | x = 10 |
Learn More:
Study our JavaScript Assignment Tutorial.
JavaScript Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic between variables and/or values.
Given that y = 5, the table below explains the arithmetic operators:
| Oper | Name / Link | Example | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | x = y + 2 | y=5, x=7 |
| - | Subtraction | x = y - 2 | y=5, x=3 |
| * | Multiplication | x=y*2 | y=5, x=10 |
| / | Division | x = y / 2 | y=5, x=2.5 |
| ** | Exponentiation | x = y ** 2 | y=5, x=25 |
| % | Remainder | x = y % 2 | y=5, x=1 |
| ++ | Increment | x = y++ | y=6, x=5 |
| ++ | Increment | x = ++y | y=6, x=6 |
| -- | Decrement | x = y-- | y=4, x=5 |
| -- | Decrement | x = --y | y=4, x=4 |
| + | Unary Plus | x= +y | x=5 |
| - | Unary Negation | x= -y | x=-5 |
Learn More:
Study our JavaScript Arithmetic Tutorial.
JavaScript String Operators
The + operator, and the += operator can also be used to concatenate (add) strings.
Given that t1 = "Good ", t2 = "Morning", and t3 = "", the table below explains the operators:
| Oper | Example | t1 | t2 | t3 | Try it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| + | t3 = t1 + t2 | "Good " | "Morning" | "Good Morning" | Try it » |
| += | t1 += t2 | "Good Morning" | "Morning" | Try it » |
Learn More:
Study our JavaScript Strings Tutorial.
Javascript Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used in logical statements to determine equality or difference between variables or values.
Given that x = 5, the table below explains the comparison operators:
| Oper | Name / Link | Comparing | Returns |
|---|---|---|---|
| == | Equal to | x == 8 | false |
| == | Equal to | x == 5 | true |
| === | Strict Equal | x === "5" | false |
| === | Strict Equal | x === 5 | true |
| != | Not Equal | x != 8 | true |
| !== | Strict not Equal | x !== "5" | true |
| !== | Strict not Equal | x !== 5 | false |
| > | Greater than | x > 8 | false |
| < | Less than | x < 8 | true |
| >= | Greater or Equal | x >= 8 | false |
| <= | Less or Equal | x <= 8 | true |
Learn More:
Study our JavaScript Comparisons Tutorial.
JavaScript Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to determine the logic between variables or values.
Given that x = 6 and y = 3, the table below explains the logical operators:
| Oper | Name / Link | Example |
|---|---|---|
| && | AND | (x < 10 && y > 1) |
| || | OR | (x === 5 || y === 5) |
| ! | NOT | !(x === y) |
| ?? | Nullish Coalescing | x ?? y |
Learn More:
Study our JavaScript Logical Tutorial.
JavaScript Bitwise Operators
Bit operators work on 32 bits numbers. Any numeric operand in the operation is converted into a 32 bit number. The result is converted back to a JavaScript number.
| Oper | Name | Example | Same as | Result | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| & | AND | x = 5 & 1 | 0101 & 0001 | 0001 | 1 |
| | | OR | x = 5 | 1 | 0101 | 0001 | 0101 | 5 |
| ~ | NOT | x = ~ 5 | ~0101 | 1010 | 10 |
| ^ | XOR | x = 5 ^ 1 | 0101 ^ 0001 | 0100 | 4 |
| << | Left Shift | x = 5 << 1 | 0101 << 1 | 1010 | 10 |
| >>> | Right Shift | x = 5 >>> 1 | 0101 >>> 1 | 0010 | 2 |
| >> | Signed Right | x = 5 >> 1 | 0101 >> 1 | 0010 | 2 |
Learn More:
Study our JavaScript Bitwise Tutorial.
Miscellaneous JavaScript Operators
Some miscellaneous JavaScript operators are described below.
| Operator | Name / Link | Example |
|---|---|---|
| : | Colon | age : 45 |
| . | Member of | person.age |
| [ ] | Member of | person["age"] |
| ?. | Optional Chaining | x ?. y |
| ... | Spread | ...myArray |
| ( ) ? x : y | Ternary Conditional | (z < 18) ? x : y |
| ( ) | Expression | ( x + y ) |
| ( ) | Function Call | myFunction() |
| => | Arrow Function | (a, b) => a + b |
| new | Constructor | new Date() |
| delete | Delete | delete person.age |
| in | Relational in | "age" in person |
| instanceof | Instance of | x instance of Array |
| typeof | Type of | typeof "John" |
| void | Void | void(0) |
| yield | Delegate | yield.x |
