tf.compat.v1.uniform_unit_scaling_initializer

Initializer that generates tensors without scaling variance.

tf.compat.v1.uniform_unit_scaling_initializer(
    factor=1.0,
    seed=None,
    dtype=tf.dtypes.float32
)

When initializing a deep network, it is in principle advantageous to keep the scale of the input variance constant, so it does not explode or diminish by reaching the final layer. If the input is x and the operation x * W, and we want to initialize W uniformly at random, we need to pick W from

[-sqrt(3) / sqrt(dim), sqrt(3) / sqrt(dim)]

to keep the scale intact, where dim = W.shape[0] (the size of the input). A similar calculation for convolutional networks gives an analogous result with dim equal to the product of the first 3 dimensions. When nonlinearities are present, we need to multiply this by a constant factor. See (Sussillo et al., 2014) for deeper motivation, experiments and the calculation of constants. In section 2.3 there, the constants were numerically computed: for a linear layer it's 1.0, relu: ~1.43, tanh: ~1.15.

factor Float. A multiplicative factor by which the values will be scaled.
seed A Python integer. Used to create random seeds. See tf.compat.v1.set_random_seed for behavior.
dtype Default data type, used if no dtype argument is provided when calling the initializer. Only floating point types are supported.

Sussillo et al., 2014 (pdf)

Methods

from_config

View source

@classmethod
from_config(
    config
)

Instantiates an initializer from a configuration dictionary.

Example:

initializer = RandomUniform(-1, 1)
config = initializer.get_config()
initializer = RandomUniform.from_config(config)

Args
config A Python dictionary. It will typically be the output of get_config.

Returns
An Initializer instance.

get_config

View source

get_config()

Returns the configuration of the initializer as a JSON-serializable dict.

Returns
A JSON-serializable Python dict.

__call__

View source

__call__(
    shape, dtype=None, partition_info=None
)

Returns a tensor object initialized as specified by the initializer.

Args
shape Shape of the tensor.
dtype Optional dtype of the tensor. If not provided use the initializer dtype.
partition_info Optional information about the possible partitioning of a tensor.